Visual electrophysiology is a powerful tool to assess the function of various components of the visual pathway system even. Even though it is often underutilized due to practical limitations, electrophysiology can improve your diagnosis and management of posterior segment disease. We will review the main electrophysiologic tests and the information they allow us to help establish the correct diagnosis or rule out related ophthalmic diseases. We will also review indications for their use and some of their limitations in the diagnosis and management of patients with retinal and optic nerve disorders.